VAT Trap Blog

Learn how to measure blood pressure accurately at home using an app to calculate averages, trends, and cardiovascular risk insights.

After 60, muscle becomes deaf to protein signals. You need 3 grams of leucine per meal, not just daily totals, to flip your muscle-building switch. Same protein portions that worked at 40 barely register at 70. Threshold dosing with resistance training breaks this cycle. 44 words · Blog listings · Patient waiting room · Clinic handouts · ADL knowledge chunk

Learn how to measure your waist correctly using anatomical landmarks to better assess visceral fat and cardiometabolic risk.

Visceral fat, strength, and metabolic precision now matter more than weight alone — redefining cardiovascular prevention without defaulting to GLP-1 therapy.

When a patient arrives breathless and unable to climb a hill, the instinct is to blame the heart. Sometimes the answer lies in the blood itself. Iron deficiency anaemia reduces oxygen delivery, forces the heart into a hyperdynamic state, and can even produce a murmur over a completely normal valve.

What if the heart works like a hybrid engine? Continuously switching between fatty acids, glucose, and ketones, it optimises fuel use for efficiency and demand. But in metabolic disease, this flexibility is lost. The result: poorer fuel, narrowed supply lines, and a strained engine — a new way to understand cardiovascular risk.

N-of-1 medicine shifts the focus from population averages to personal biology. This blog series explores how individuals can run simple, safe self-experiments — using themselves as the control — to test plausible health hypotheses, track meaningful outcomes, and discover what genuinely improves their own health and wellbeing over time.

An article by Dr Edward Leatham, Consultant Cardiologist © 2025 E. Leatham This article explores carbohydrates, visceral fat (VAT), and why adding fats to food may lower your cardiometabolic risk. Short on time? Listen to the 15-minute VAT-Trap podcast summary […]

When people think about cholesterol, they often imagine it as something floating in the blood, disconnected from body fat. In reality, the type and location of body fat — particularly visceral fat (VAT) — profoundly influence how the liver packages and clears cholesterol. Raised VAT doesn’t just sit silently around the organs; it acts like an endocrine organ, sending chemical distress signals that shift lipid metabolism in an atherogenic direction.

Coronary heart disease often presents without warning, making early prevention essential. This article outlines a personalised approach to identifying individual risk, detecting underlying coronary inflammation and plaque, and implementing structured preventive strategies. Combining risk scoring, advanced imaging and holistic management, we help patients reduce the likelihood of future heart events.

One of the greatest challenges in the online world is investigator bias. Any “expert” with a strong conviction — whether pro- or anti-statin — can easily find studies that appear to confirm their view. The internet is full of such cherry-picked data. When presented with confident authority, this can sound utterly convincing to a lay audience. The reality is that true medical understanding does not come from one paper, one YouTube video, or one self-proclaimed authority.

A coronary stent treats a narrowed artery, not the biology that caused it. Insulin resistance driven by visceral fat promotes inflammation and abnormal healing, increasing restenosis risk. Diabetes is the end stage, but waist size often reveals risk much earlier — making metabolic health central to long-term outcomes after stenting.

The keto and Atkins diets have profound effects on hepatic lipid metabolism, and hence on LDL cholesterol handling. Let’s unpack this carefully through the lens of the endogenous cholesterol pathway.

Small dense LDL (sdLDL) is the most harmful form of “bad cholesterol.” It forms when the liver overproduces VLDL — often driven by visceral fat and high insulin levels. Visceral fat sits deep around the organs and feeds directly into the liver, causing early metabolic disruption long before blood tests detect it.

In 2025, with access to low-dose CT angiography, FAI analysis, and a deeper understanding of plaque biology, it is increasingly difficult to justify CAC scoring in younger individuals.

If you have ever found yourself feeling breathless climbing stairs or walking uphill — even though your lung and heart tests are “normal” — you are not alone. Many people attribute it to age or fitness. But recent research has uncovered a powerful hidden cause of breathlessness: visceral fat — the fat stored deep inside your abdomen, around your organs. In this blog, we will explore what visceral fat is, how it affects your breathing, and — most importantly — what you can do

Thanks to digital health technology, many of the tools needed to correct low protein intake are now in the hands of patients. Food tracking apps can analyse the macronutrient breakdown of meals, allowing users to make informed adjustments. AI-based platforms can even suggest personalised meal plans that hit protein targets while remaining aligned with caloric needs and dietary preferences.

Emerging evidence shows that lifetime exposure to LDL cholesterol and high glucose variability are some of the strongest predictors of cardiovascular risk. Just as lung cancer risk is tied to pack-years of smoking, heart disease risk correlates with cumulative LDL levels and glucose metrics such as HbA1c over time. This is why some people in their 20s with risk factors (like diabetes or a family history of heart disease) are starting statin therapy preventatively. However, ma

It may seem unusual to talk about heart disease in teenagers and children, but the groundwork for heart health is laid early in life. Habits formed in youth often carry into adulthood, and many cardiovascular risk factors—like high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or obesity—can be silent, slowly progressing without symptoms. In families where heart disease runs deep, understanding risk and prevention from a young age can be life-changing.

Cardiovascular disease is detectable and treatable decades before first symptoms appear, especially in the critical age range known as *”Sniper’s Alley”* (40–60 years). Waiting until 60 is too late. Early prevention, particularly LDL cholesterol control, saves lives. Learn why men and women with a family history of heart disease demands a more proactive approach — and why starting young matters.