VAT Trap Blog

HIIT interrupts this cycle by dramatically improving insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle — particularly in the large lower-limb muscles of the thighs and glutes. A single 20-minute session of HIIT can activate GLUT-4 transporters in muscle cells for up to 24–48 hours, drawing glucose out of the bloodstream and away from storage in the liver and visceral fat depots.

At Surrey Cardiovascular Clinic, we move beyond detecting risk to delivering a tiered, personalised framework for metabolic and cardiovascular prevention. Using real-time tools like CGM, the DoctorShape app, imaging, and nurse-led coaching, we help patients reduce visceral adipose tissue, improve insulin sensitivity, and restore metabolic health through lifestyle-first, data-guided care.

Visceral fat (VAT) is the dangerous, hidden fat stored around your organs that accumulates. when caloric intake exceeds energy demand, since glucose and fats that can’t be used gets stored as adipose tissue. This blog explains how ageing, muscle loss, glucose spikes and genetic factors all drive VAT accumulation — and how reversing the cycle requires restoring mitochondrial health, increasing muscle mass, and in many people, by reducing glycaemic overload.

Mitochondria are the power stations inside every cell, converting food into energy. But in modern life, with constant carbohydrate intake and low energy demand, they become overwhelmed. Just like solar panels producing too much electricity for full batteries, mitochondria have nowhere to send surplus fuel. This triggers oxidative stress, inflammation, and early ageing. Insulin is meant to divert excess glucose to safe storage — but when that system fails, metabolic chaos foll

If have been told your weight is high but your blood tests are “fine”, or if you are living with breathlessness or atrial fibrillation, you may be wondering how your body fat is really affecting your heart and lungs.

Carbohydrate Sensitive Phenotype (CSP) is not a diagnosis of diabetes or obesity. Rather, it’s a biologically driven pattern of visceral fat accumulation and carbohydrate intolerance which is highly prevalent in those with a raised waist-to-height ratio (WHtR > 0.5), triggered by aging, Western-style diet and lifestyle. More importantly, CSP gives individuals a name for their experience—one that invites support instead of judgement, and allows them to engage with food and hea

If you’re taking GLP-1 mimetics like Mounjaro, Ozempic, or Wegovy, you’re receiving a legitimate, medically prescribed therapy. Just like someone with asthma carries an inhaler, or a diabetic uses insulin, there’s no shame in needing a jab to support your metabolic health. Whether you are travelling or attending a hospitality event, here are some tips on how to navigate these new waters.

In 2025, with access to low-dose CT angiography, FAI analysis, and a deeper understanding of plaque biology, it is increasingly difficult to justify CAC scoring in younger individuals.

For patients with CKD 3b, a high-protein diet may accelerate renal decline and should be avoided. However, metabolic improvement via a moderate low-carbohydrate diet with controlled protein intake (~0.8 g/kg/day) and unsaturated fats is both feasible and safe when guided appropriately. Creatinine changes should be interpreted carefully in the context of diet, and dietary interventions should be closely monitored.

When most people think of a cooked breakfast, they picture something indulgent — bacon, eggs, toast, maybe pancakes or juice. But my version of a cooked breakfast is carefully designed to help reduce visceral fat (VAT), improve satiety, and support stable energy levels throughout the morning. Here’s how I do it — and why it works.

Adipose tissue—particularly visceral adipose tissue (VAT)—is not merely a passive energy store. It is metabolically active and pro-inflammatory, secreting cytokines and adipokines that drive systemic inflammation. It is therefore plausible that reducing VAT may alleviate joint pain by lowering inflammatory signalling, not just mechanical stress.

If you have ever found yourself feeling breathless climbing stairs or walking uphill — even though your lung and heart tests are “normal” — you are not alone. Many people attribute it to age or fitness. But recent research has uncovered a powerful hidden cause of breathlessness: visceral fat — the fat stored deep inside your abdomen, around your organs. In this blog, we will explore what visceral fat is, how it affects your breathing, and — most importantly — what you can do

We use waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as a screening tool, followed by low-dose CT to measure VAT index (VATI) against gender- and ethnicity-specific thresholds. Where VATI is high, patients enter a six-month digital lifestyle programme using tools like the Dr Shape food app, CGM, and body composition scales. Pharmacological therapy, including GLP-1 receptor agonists, is reserved for non-responders—making this a precise, cost-effective, and highly personalised pathway for VAT r

For years, the Mediterranean diet has been praised as one of the healthiest ways to eat. Rich in vegetables, olive oil, fish, nuts, and whole grains, it’s been linked to lower rates of heart disease, diabetes, and obesity. But why does it work so well?

An article by Dr Edward Leatham, Consultant Cardiologist © 2026 E.Leatham Introduction For decades, health advice has emphasised “low-fat” as the healthy option. Supermarket shelves are stacked with skimmed and semi-skimmed milk, marketed as the heart-friendly choice. Yet, in recent years, our […]

An article by Dr Edward Leatham, Consultant Cardiologist © 2025 E.Leatham While everyone might think the term ‘VAT’ stands for value added tax, we all need to recognise this new health term, as it is shaping up to be a critical risk […]

VAT is the principal metabolic culprit in cardiovascular risk. BMI—while simple—fails to capture fat distribution, muscle mass, or ageing effects. Waist-based anthropometrics, particularly waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio, more closely reflect VAT and strongly predict cardiovascular outcomes. For cardiologists, this explains why a tape measure around the waist is more valuable than a BMI calculation. Where precise measurement is required—such as in high-risk pati

Cardiology groups, including ours, are increasingly partnering with diabetes and weight management specialists to set up GLP-1 mimetic clinics. These clinics oversee VAT loss and improve glycaemic control for patients with diverse cardiac conditions. The goal is not only to help these patients manage their symptoms but also to provide a holistic approach to cardiovascular and metabolic health, with an emphasis on reducing the burden of visceral fat. Specialist clinics offer p

Most men over 30 will recognise the slow but steady expansion of the waistline. Whether you call it a spare tyre, a dad bod, or just a bit of extra padding, not all belly fat is created equal — and not all of it is harmless. Some types of abdominal fat are mostly cosmetic. Others are dangerous, inflammatory, and metabolically active — the kind of fat that silently drives heart attacks, strokes, dementia, and even advanced cancers. Let’s break down the three main culprits behi

Dietary fats have been wrongly maligned for much of modern nutritional history. But as the science evolves, it’s clear that fat – far from being harmful – is a vital macronutrient that supports energy metabolism, hormonal health, brain and heart function, and even weight control. Rather than fearing fat, we should focus on: Avoiding refined carbohydrates and ultra-processed foods. Prioritising whole food sources of fat, including nuts, seeds, dairy, eggs, fish, and healthy oi